
Guides · 8 min read
AI servers for local LLMs: Tesla P40, V100, L4 or A100?
How much GPU memory a language model needs, which data-centre GPU suits which budget and what matters for cooling, power and software.
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GPU servers and AI servers are built to supply several accelerators reliably with power, cooling and PCIe bandwidth. Typical workloads are large language model inference with vLLM, Ollama or llama.cpp, training and fine-tuning, rendering, virtual desktops and video transcoding. We offer refurbished systems such as the Dell PowerEdge R740 and R750xa, HPE ProLiant DL380 Gen10 and GPU servers from Supermicro and Gigabyte with two to eight slots for dual-width cards, fitted with NVIDIA GPUs on request. What matters is airflow for passively cooled cards, the correct GPU power cables (usually 8-pin CPU/EPS), adequately sized power supplies and the PCIe generation: Gen3 on 1st and 2nd Gen Xeon Scalable, Gen4 on AMD EPYC 7002/7003 and 3rd Gen Xeon. Every system is checked and tested with the GPUs you ordered.
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A GPU server gives several accelerators the power, airflow and PCIe lanes they need – exactly what an ordinary server lacks. Our range covers three classes: a 2U server with two Tesla V100s already fitted and two systems for up to eight dual-slot GPUs. Which platform makes the right AI server depends on model size, number of cards and where the machine will live.
| Model | Form factor | CPU platform | GPU slots | Power supplies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dell R740 with 2× V100 | 2U | 2× Xeon Gold, PCIe 3.0 | up to 3 dual-slot, 2× V100 fitted | 2× 1600 to 2400 W |
| Supermicro SYS-4029GP-TRT | 4U | 2× Xeon Scalable, PCIe 3.0, dual root | 8 dual-slot, base unit without GPUs | 4× 2000 W Titanium |
| Gigabyte G292-Z20 | 2U | 1× AMD EPYC 7002, PCIe 4.0 | 8 dual-slot, base unit without GPUs | 2× 2200 W Platinum |
The Dell R740 is the entry point: a standard 2U server with a GPU kit that runs in the rack like any other host and can carry VMs or databases on the side. With 32 GB of HBM2 between its two cards, it handles quantised language models up to about 30 billion parameters, or LoRA fine-tuning of small models.
Both systems take eight double-width cards but connect them differently. The SYS-4029GP-TRT splits its slots evenly between the two Xeon CPUs. That works well when each GPU runs its own jobs or several models run side by side. If you spread a single model across all eight cards with tensor parallelism, some of the traffic has to cross the link between the CPUs. In return, the 4U chassis offers 24 drive bays, 24 DIMM slots and plenty of airflow.
The G292-Z20 fits eight cards into just 2U, all attached to a single EPYC CPU. PCIe 4.0 gives each x16 slot twice the bandwidth of PCIe 3.0 – which matters for the A100, A40 or L4 and for training with lots of data exchange. The price of that density: very high fan speeds and around two kilowatts of heat from two rack units.
When choosing cards, GPU memory comes first and memory bandwidth second, because bandwidth determines how fast a language model produces tokens. Our guide AI servers for local LLMs compares everything from the P40 to the A100 with worked examples, and each card is listed under server GPUs.
Pascal (P40) and Volta (V100) run with current CUDA 12 releases, but newer major CUDA versions require more recent GPU generations. For projects that need to run for several years, Ampere and Ada cards are the safer choice.
A GPU server turns practically all of its power draw into heat: eight cards at 250 to 300 W add up to 2 to 2.4 kW on their own. That belongs in an air-conditioned server room, not an office, as the fans spin very fast under load.
We buy retired GPU servers and cards through our buy-back service and send you an offer within 48 hours.
No. Passively cooled cards such as the Tesla P40, A100 or A40 need directed airflow through the heatsink, high-performance fans and often a GPU enablement kit from the server vendor with air shroud and power cables. In our GPU servers, cooling, cables and power supplies are matched to the cards you order.
As a rule of thumb, a model in 4-bit quantization needs about 0.6 to 0.7 GB per billion parameters plus headroom for context. A 70B model therefore fits in 48 GB, i.e. one A40 or RTX A6000 or two 24 GB cards. Training and fine-tuning need considerably more memory.
Allow 250 to 300 W per dual-slot GPU on top of the server's base load. Two to four cards usually call for redundant power supplies of 1600 W or more; we select them to match the configuration.

Guides · 8 min read
How much GPU memory a language model needs, which data-centre GPU suits which budget and what matters for cooling, power and software.